Saturday, April 25, 2009

The Unsurpassed Springsteen Vol. 1 / The Early Years

Label: Yellow Dog Records, YD 018
Country: Luxembourg
Year: 1992

stereo

The Unsurpassed Springsteen Volume 1
The Early Years

1. California You're A Woman 5:48
2. If I Was The Priest 6:00
3. Arabian Nights 5:29
4. Cherokee Queen (Daddy Sing Me A Cradle Song) 6:14
5. He's Guilty (Send That Boy To Jail) 5:34
6. Goin' Back To Georgia 6:49
7. The Train Song 6:05
8. Song Of The Orphans 8:13

Words and music: Bruce Springsteen
1-3 recorded @ February or March 1971
(first solo demo after breakup of Steel Mill).
4 live Steel Mill recording late 1970.
5-7 Steel Mill studio session recorded February 22, 1970 San Francisco.
8 recorded May or June 1972 live - location unknown.

The Beatles - The Complete BBC Sessions Upgraded for 2004 - Disc Ten

Label: Purple Chick, PC-80

TOP GEAR (26 November 1964)
1. "so hold tight" 0'04'' great dane and yellow dog
2. I'm A Loser 2'36'' yellow dog
3. "let's have a few, hard facts' 3'07'' great dane, filler beebs and yellow dog
4. Honey Don't 2'53'' bbc trailer and yellow dog
5. "a rare ringo vocal" 0'04'' yellow dog
6. She's A Woman 3'12'' yellow dog
7. "even though it is conceited" 0'34'' yellow dog
8. Everybody's Trying To Be My Baby 2'21'' yellow dog
9. "brother george beatle" 0'04'' yellow dog
10. I'll Follow The Sun 1'50'' yellow dog
11. "records, that's what were here for" 2'41'' yellow dog
12. I Feel Fine 2'13'' yellow dog
13. "i hope you feel fine too" 0'09'' yellow dog
SATURDAY CLUB (26 December 1964)
14. "they're here" 0'05'' pyramid and yellow dog
15. Rock And Roll Music 2'01'' yellow dog
16. "like britain only with buttons" 1'37'' yellow dog
17. I'm A Loser 2'36'' yellow dog
18. outro 0'04'' yellow dog
19. Everybody's Trying To Be My Baby 2'21'' yellow dog
20. "a sort of joint effort" 0'40'' yellow dog
21. I Feel Fine 2'13'' yellow dog
22. "we like the old numbers" 0'28'' yellow dog
23. Kansas City/Hey Hey Hey Hey 2'41'' yellow dog
24. "so to the last number" 0'05'' yellow dog
25. She's A Woman 3'12'' yellow dog
26. "my favouite side too" 0'07'' yellow dog
THE BEATLES (INVITE YOU TO TAKE A TICKET TO RIDE) (7 June 1965)
27. Ticket To Ride Intro 0'56'' bbc trailer and yellow dog
28. Everybody's Trying To Be My Baby 2'20'' yellow dog
29. I'm A Loser 2'31'' yellow dog
30. "double entendre" 1'45'' yellow dog
31. The Night Before 2'27'' yellow dog
32. "double entendre" 0'04'' yellow dog
33. outro 2'48'' yellow dog
34. Honey Don't 0'24'' yellow dog
35. Dizzy Miss Lizzy 2'42'' masterfraction and yellow dog
36. outro 0'04'' yellow dog
37. intro 0'04'' yellow dog
38. She's A Woman 2'47'' yellow dog
39. "who leave you as they found you" 0'06'' yellow dog
40. Ticket To Ride 3'00'' yellow dog and masterfraction
TOP OF THE POPS
41. "the one what who never speaks" 0'38'' bbc trailer
42. "paul's thinking, i'm doing" 1'57'' bbc trailer
43. ticket to ride edit 0'10'' bbc trailer
44. "painting buckingham palace" 0'14'' bbc trailer
TOP GEAR RECORDING SESSION (17 November 1964)
45. session talk/ I Feel Fine (false start) 0'48'' bbc trailer
46. I Feel Fine (single track vocal) 1'05'' filler beebs
47. session talk 0'40'' bbc trailer
Bonus Tracks
48. blank (no music) 0'05''
49. "so hold tight" 0'05''
50. Honey Don't (edit) 2'22'' bbc trailer
51. Ticket To Ride (unfettered) 2'56'' masterfraction
52. blank (no music) 0'05''
53. All Together On The Wireless Machine (Paul, November, 1967) 1'03''
54. Cottonfields (John, 6 June, 1968) 0'24''

The Beatles - The Complete BBC Sessions Upgraded for 2004 - Disc Nine

Label: Purple Chick, PC-79

TOP GEAR (16 July 1964)
1. trailer 1 2'14'' bbc trailer and yellow dog
2. trailer 2 0'26'' bbc trailer
3. Long Tall Sally 1'56'' yellow dog
4. "paul doing his highly hirsute hairpiece" 0'09'' yellow dog
5. Things We Said Today 2'20'' masterfraction and yellow dog
6. "lots more from the unruly four..." 0'04'' yellow dog and filler beebs
7. "gather 'round famous film stars" 1'16'' masterfraction
8. A Hard Day's Night 2'31'' masterfraction
9. "hold it!" 0'11'' masterfraction and beeb and yellow dog
10. don't pass me by 1'50'' yellow dog and great dane
11. And I Love Her 2'19'' yellow dog
12. "you should have known better" 0'33'' yellow dog
13. "one more from the boys" 0'04'' yellow dog
14. If I Fell 2'07'' yellow dog
15. You Can't Do That 2'29'' yellow dog
16. "and that's it" outro 0'10'' yellow dog
17. top gear theme 0'21'' yellow dog and great dane
FROM US TO YOU #4 (3 August 1964)
18. From Us To You 0'54'' yellow dog
19. "what should I tell her about?" 0'28'' yellow dog
20. Long Tall Sally 1'57'' yellow dog
21. "off the musical launching pad we went" 0'04'' yellow dog
22. If I Fell 2'08'' yellow dog
23. "mmmm great" 0'04'' yellow dog
24. I'm Happy Just To Dance With You 1'50'' yellow dog
25. "one of those hard day's night offerings" 0'05'' yellow dog
26. "they might sound like the record someday" 0'22'' yellow dog
27. Things We Said Today 2'29'' yellow dog
28. "it's john's turn - right now" 0'05'' yellow dog
29. I Should Have Known Better 2'34'' yellow dog
30. "our four morning stars" 0'04'' yellow dog
31. "bowled over boys" 0'15'' yellow dog
32. Boys 2'01'' yellow dog
33. "in answer to all the cards" 0'05'' yellow dog
34. Kansas City/Hey Hey Hey Hey 2'36'' yellow dog
35. "no passports required" 0'04'' yellow dog
36. It's For You - Cilla Black 2'09'' yellow dog
37. "ron aged two hundred and eight" 0'53'' yellow dog
38. A Hard Days Night 2'26'' yellow dog
39. "what a great note to end on" 0'05'' yellow dog
40. From Us To You 0'58'' yellow dog
FROM US TO YOU #4 RECORDING SESSION (recorded 17 July 1964)
41. Kansas City/Hey Hey Hey Hey 2'54'' yellow dog
42. Long Tall Sally 2'04'' yellow dog
43. If I Fell 2'19'' yellow dog
44. Boys 2'10'' yellow dog
45. I'm Happy Just To Dance With You (instrumental) 2'13'' yellow dog
46. I'm Happy Just To Dance With You (vocal) 1'58'' yellow dog
47. I Should Have Known Better (false start) 0'22'' yellow dog
48. I Should Have Known Better (single tracked) 2'47'' yellow dog
49. I Should Have Known Better (with harmonica) 2'47'' yellow dog
50. Things We Said Today 2'38'' yellow dog
51. A Hard Day's Night 2'45'' yellow dog
52. From Us To You (wrong lyrics) 1'05'' yellow dog
53. From Us To You (no overdubs) 1'10'' yellow dog
Bonus
54. blank (no music) 0'05''
55. alternate "9: "hold it!"" -1 0'07'' masterfraction and filler beebs
56. blank (no music) 0'05''
57. alternate "9: "hold it!"" -2 0'14'' masterfraction

The Beatles - The Complete BBC Sessions Upgraded for 2004 - Disc Eight

Label: Purple Chick, PC-78

SATURDAY CLUB (21 December 1963)
1. From Us To You 0'55'' masterfraction and yellow dog
2. "to open proceedings this morning" 0'08'' yellow dog
3. You Can't Do That 2'31'' yellow dog
4. "just a rumour" 0'20'' yellow dog
5. Roll Over Beethoven 2'15'' yellow dog
6. "i don't need to tell you" 0'07'' yellow dog
7. "what about my book then?" 0'38'' yellow dog
8. Till There Was You 2'12'' yellow dog
9. "another oldie" 0'05'' yellow dog
10. "ringo... yup" (split) 0'13'' yellow dog
11. I Wanna Be Your Man 2'08'' yellow dog
12. "I think Ringo meant every word of that" 0'07'' yellow dog
13. "...but we know you won't" 0'56'' yellow dog
14. Please Mr. Postman 2'20'' yellow dog
15. "the fellas keep him busy pretty regularly" 0'07'' yellow dog
16. All My Loving 2'05'' yellow dog
17. "i think that loving's readily accepted" 0'06'' yellow dog
18. "it's about rubbish - with drawings" 1'02'' yellow dog
19. This Boy 2'12'' yellow dog
20. "how much singing do you do in this film" 0'21'' yellow dog
21. Can't Buy Me Love 2'06'' masterfraction
22. "we can't purchase any more time" 0'28'' yellow dog
23. From Us To You 1'01'' yellow dog
FROM US TO YOU #2 (26 December 1963)
24. "stay tuned" 0'07'' yellow dog
25. Everybody's Trying To Be My Baby 2'24'' yellow dog
26. "i think he sings quite nicely" 0'09'' yellow dog
27. I Call Your Name 2'04'' yellow dog
28. "lots more from the beatle boys" 0'04'' yellow dog and beeb
29. I Got A Woman 2'33'' yellow dog
30. "was that request really from your mother" 2'04'' yellow dog and filler beebs and beeb
31. You Can't Do That 2'31'' yellow dog
32. "it's ringo's turn" 0'14'' yellow dog
33. Can't Buy Me Love 2'06'' yellow dog
34. "just about everybody has read about the film" 2'02'' yellow dog
35. Sure To Fall 2'13'' yellow dog
36. Long Tall Sally 1'57'' broadcasts and yellow dog and great dane
37. "how about that?" 0'05'' great dane
FROM US TO YOU #3 (18 May 1964)
38. From Us To You 0'54'' yellow dog
39. Whit Monday To You 0'48'' yellow dog
40. I Saw Her Standing There 2'37'' yellow dog
41. "marvellous" 0'04'' yellow dog
42. Kansas City/Hey Hey Hey Hey 2'14'' yellow dog
43. "it could if you weren't so thick" 0'25'' yellow dog
44. I Forgot To Remember To Forget 2'05'' yellow dog
45. outro 0'04'' yellow dog
46. "i hope you're plugged in mary" 1'16'' yellow dog
47. You Can't Do That 2'32'' yellow dog
48. "they did it all right" 0'05'' yellow dog
49. Sure To Fall 2'11'' yellow dog
50. "funny place glos." 0'44'' yellow dog
51. Can't Buy Me Love 2'05'' yellow dog
52. "i'll think i'll have to hit your ringo" 0'14'' yellow dog
53. Matchbox 1'54'' yellow dog
54. intro 0'04'' yellow dog
55. Honey Don't 2'20'' yellow dog
56. outro 0'04'' yellow dog
57. From Us To You 0'14'' yellow dog
BONUS
58. blank (no music) 0'05''
59. From Us To You (edited) 0'27'' masterfraction

The Beatles - The Complete BBC Sessions Upgraded for 2004 - Disc Seven

Label: Purple Chick, PC-77

SATURDAY CLUB (21 December 1963)
1. "all i want for christmas is a bottle" 0'39'' yellow dog
2. all my loving 0'13'' cv, edited
3. "what will they do without amplifiers" 1'03'' yellow dog
4. This Boy 2'16'' yellow dog
5. "i like it" 0'04'' yellow dog and great dane
6. I Want To Hold Your Hand 2'18'' yellow dog
7. Till There Was You 2'14'' yellow dog, great dane and beeb
8. "i think..." (beeb) 0'04'' beeb
9. Roll Over Beethoven 2'14'' yellow dog
10. "that's not a carol - 's a standard" 1'20'' yellow dog
11. She Loves You 2'13'' yellow dog
12. Shazam 0'31'' yellow dog
13. "that mudley, er medley" 0'12'' yellow dog
FROM US TO YOU #1 (26 December 1963)
14. From Us To You 0'54'' great dane and yellow dog
15. "the beatles are here" 0'28'' yellow dog
16. She Loves You 2'19'' yellow dog
17. "you know you should be glad" 0'04'' yellow dog
18. "featuring paul" 0'04'' yellow dog
19. All My Loving 2'04'' yellow dog
20. Roll Over Beethoven 2'17'' yellow dog
21. "peggy legg" 0'08'' yellow dog
22. 'Till There Was You 2'11'' yellow dog
23. "bass playing beatle" 0'04'' yellow dog
24. "blue skies by jeanie lamb" 0'09'' unbooted
25. "big chance coming up now" 0'07'' yellow dog
26. Boys 1'46'' yellow dog
27. Money (That's What I Want) 2'42'' yellow dog
28. "the very mercenary john lennon" 0'04'' yellow dog
29. intro 0'04'' yellow dog
30. I Saw Her Standing There 2'36'' yellow dog
31. outro 0'04'' yellow dog
32. Tie Me Kangaroo Down, Sport 3'11'' yellow dog
33. intro 0'10'' yellow dog
34. I Want To Hold Your Hand 2'21'' yellow dog
35. outro 0'17'' yellow dog
36. From Us To You 0'47'' yellow dog
SATURDAY CLUB (15 February 1964)
37. intro 0'04'' yellow dog
38. All My Loving 1'57'' yellow dog
39. Money (That's What I Want) 2'39'' yellow dog
40. "that's what they've got aplenty" 0'04'' yellow dog
41. "one that most people know by now" 0'18'' yellow dog
42. The Hippy Hippy Shake 1'48'' yellow dog
43. "amazing that you can hear us" 1'44'' yellow dog
44. I Want To Hold Your Hand 2'18'' yellow dog
45. Roll Over Beethoven 2'17'' yellow dog
46. "he's my favourite" 0'29'' yellow dog
47. Johnny B Goode 2'50'' yellow dog
48. "still one more to go" 0'04'' yellow dog
49. "i hope it's a real swinger" 1'00'' yellow dog
50. I Wanna Be Your Man 2'08'' yellow dog and great dane
51. "and it was old ringo" 0'05'' beeb

The Beatles - The Complete BBC Sessions Upgraded for 2004 - Disc Six

Label: Purple Chick, PC-76

POP GO THE BEATLES #14 (17 September 1963)
1. intro 0'12'' yellow dog
2. Chains 2'19'' yellow dog
3. "to all our chainspotter friends" 0'31'' yellow dog
4. You Really Got A Hold On Me 2'53'' yellow dog
5. no music 0'04'' yellow dog
6. Misery 1'50'' great dane
7. "dear hot and fruity george" 1'01'' bbc trailer
8. Lucille 2'27'' yellow dog
9. "love and kisses" 0'27'' yellow dog
10. From Me To You 1'49'' yellow dog
11. brackets 1'08'' yellow dog
12. Boys 2'08'' yellow dog
13. outro 0'05'' yellow dog
POP GO THE BEATLES #15 (24 September 1963)
14. intro 0'15'' yellow dog
15. She Loves You 2'12'' yellow dog
16. "the boys feel a little sad" 0'10'' great dane
17. Ask Me Why 1'52'' great dane
18. "exciting and smashing" 0'29'' yellow dog
19. Devil In Her Heart 2'21'' yellow dog
20. "they never read out the requests" 0'39'' yellow dog
21. I Saw Her Standing There 2'37'' yellow dog and great dane
22. "good old audrey" 0'15'' yellow dog
23. Sure To Fall 2'18'' yellow dog
24. for john paul george and ringo 0'32'' yellow dog
25. Twist And Shout 2'31'' yellow dog
26. "that really is it" 0'24'' yellow dog
SATURDAY CLUB (FIFTH BIRTHDAY EDITION) (5 October 1963)
27. saturday club theme and intro 0'50'' yellow dog
28. I Saw Her Standing There 2'33'' yellow dog
29. Memphis 2'13'' yellow dog
30. Happy Birthday Saturday Club 0'33'' yellow dog
31. "it could be that they've been listening to saturday club" 0'28'' yellow dog
32. I'll Get You 2'02'' great dane
33. "if you asked for it" 0'07'' great dane
34. She Loves You 2'13'' great dane
35. Lucille 1'49'' great dane
36. outro 0'52'' great dane
EASY BEAT (20 October 1963)
37. intro 0'12'' yellow dog
38. I Saw Her Standing There 2'33'' yellow dog and bbc trailer
39. "it's almost a year..." 0'14'' yellow dog
40. Love Me Do 2'31'' yellow dog
41. Please Please Me 2'03'' yellow dog
42. "we just called paul over" 0'30'' yellow dog
43. From Me To You 1'51'' yellow dog
44. She Loves You 2'31'' yellow dog
THE KEN DODD SHOW (3 November 1963)
45. She Loves You 2'37'' unbooted upgrade

The Beatles - The Complete BBC Sessions Upgraded for 2004 - Disc Five

Label: Purple Chick, PC-75

POP GO THE BEATLES #10 (20 August 1963)
1. She Loves You 2'20'' yellow dog
2. "you'd never hear the songs" 0'26'' yellow dog
3. Words Of Love 1'56'' yellow dog
4. "beautifully sung" 0'04'' yellow dog
5. "they can all take five now" 0'05'' yellow dog
6. Glad All Over 1'51'' masterfraction
7. "the three beatlettes" 0'17'' yellow dog
8. I Just Don't Understand 2'46'' masterfraction
9. "well, you ought to" 0'08'' yellow dog
10. "this is ear catching" 0'20'' yellow dog
11. Devil In Her Heart 2'22'' masterfraction
12. "thanks george" 0'04'' yellow dog
13. "postcards to the Beatles" 0'16'' yellow dog
14. Slow Down 2'36'' masterfraction
15. "and dead stop, I'm afraid" 0'07'' yellow dog and beeb
SATURDAY CLUB (24 August 1963)
16. Long Tall Sally 1'48'' purple chick
17. She Loves You 2'11'' yellow dog
18. Glad All Over 1'51'' yellow dog and unicorn
19. "what box?" 0'51'' yellow dog
20. Twist And Shout 2'26'' yellow dog
21. "dear wack" 0'42'' yellow dog and masterfraction
22. You Really Got A Hold On Me 2'37'' masterfraction
23. I'll Get You 2'01'' yellow dog
POP GO THE BEATLES #11 (27 August 1963)
24. Ooh! My Soul 1'36'' masterfraction
25. "ooh! my arms" 0'35'' masterfraction
26. Don't Ever Change 2'04'' masterfraction and yellow dog
27. "a modest request" 0'06'' yellow dog
28. Twist And Shout 2'31'' yellow dog
29. "beatle fans the world over have been waiting for" 0'19'' yellow dog
30. She Loves You (fragment) 0'06'' yellow dog
31. "we hate you" 0'29'' yellow dog
32. Anna (Go To Him) 2'51'' yellow dog
33. A Shot Of Rhythm And Blues 2'18'' masterfraction
POP GO THE BEATLES #12 (3 September 1963)
34. intro 0'13'' yellow dog
35. From Me To You 1'50'' yellow dog
36. I'll Get You 2'00'' unbooted
37. "dear john letter" 0'28'' yellow dog
38. Money (That's What I Want) 2'45'' yellow dog
39. "well sir, here you are" 0'17'' yellow dog and unbooted upgrade
40. There's A Place 1'50'' unbooted upgrade
41. outro 0'04'' yellow dog
42. Honey Don't 2'14'' masterfraction and great dane
43. "that was the beatles that was" 0'04'' beeb and yellow dog
44. "all right fellas, roll over!" 0'43'' yellow dog
45. Roll Over Beethoven 2'22'' yellow dog
POP GO THE BEATLES #13 (10 September 1963)
46. intro 0'04'' yellow dog
47. Too Much Monkey Business 2'06'' masterfraction and yellow dog
48. "request for 'Till There Was You" 0'27'' yellow dog
49. Love Me Do 2'25'' yellow dog
50. "he looks a right prat!" 0'32'' yellow dog
51. She Loves You 2'13'' yellow dog
52. "and why not?" 0'04'' yellow dog
53. I'll Get You 2'02'' yellow dog
54. "sounds like my doctor" 0'21'' yellow dog
55. A Taste Of Honey 1'55'' yellow dog
56. "can't remember him" 0'23'' yellow dog
57. The Hippy Hippy Shake 1'44'' yellow dog
58. outro 0'09'' yellow dog

The Beatles - The Complete BBC Sessions Upgraded for 2004 - Disc Four

Label: Purple Chick, PC-74

POP GO THE BEATLES #6 (23 July 1963)
1. "that's your fault" 0'08'' yellow dog
2. Sweet Little Sixteen 2'19'' yellow dog
3. A Taste Of Honey 1'56'' yellow dog
4. "wanna bet?" 0'04'' yellow dog
5. Nothing Shakin' (But The Leaves On The Trees) 2'57'' yellow dog
6. "that momentous year" 0'20'' yellow dog
7. Love Me Do 2'27'' yellow dog
8. "1822" 0'10'' yellow dog
9. Lonesome Tears In My Eyes 2'34'' yellow dog
10. "and the same to you" 0'08'' yellow dog
11. So How Come (No One Loves Me) 1'52'' yellow dog
12. "next week the prize will stand at the beatles" 0'14'' yellow dog
POP GO THE BEATLES #7 (30 July 1963)
13. "not to mention harry and his box" 0'12'' yellow dog
14. Memphis 2'15'' yellow dog
15. "do you like the flowerpot men?" 0'37'' yellow dog
16. Do You Want To Know A Secret 1'45'' yellow dog
17. "dear wack" 0'42'' yellow dog
18. 'Til There Was You 2'13'' broadcasts and yellow dog
19. "set fire to that lot" 0'27'' masterfraction
20. Matchbox 1'57'' masterfraction and yellow dog
21. "something you can't get on the national health" 0'27'' yellow dog
22. Please Mr. Postman 2'12'' yellow dog
23. "back to those old, seasoned campaigners" 0'06'' yellow dog
24. The Hippy Hippy Shake 1'49'' masterfraction and yellow dog
25. outro 0'20'' yellow dog
POP GO THE BEATLES #8 (6 August 1963)
26. intro 0'14'' yellow dog
27. I'm Gonna Sit Right Down And Cry (Over You) 2'02'' masterfraction and yellow dog
28. "please make George sing" 0'27'' great dane
29. Crying, Waiting, Hoping 2'10'' masterfraction and yellow dog
30. Kansas City/Hey Hey Hey Hey 2'38'' masterfraction and yellow dog
31. "a very romantic title" 0'04'' yellow dog
32. To Know Her Is To Love Her 2'50'' masterfraction and yellow dog
33. "do you remember the teddy bears' version?" 0'05'' yellow dog
34. "i've got a terrible nose" 0'28'' yellow dog
35. The Honeymoon Song 1'39'' yellow dog and masterfraction
36. intro 0'04'' yellow dog
37. Twist And Shout 2'25'' yellow dog
38. outro 0'14'' yellow dog
POP GO THE BEATLES #9 (13 August 1963)
39. intro 0'14'' yellow dog
40. Long Tall Sally 1'53'' yellow dog
41. "pally sally" 0'23'' yellow dog
42. Please Please Me 1'54'' yellow dog
43. "what kind of fool am i?" 0'39'' yellow dog
44. She Loves You 2'18'' yellow dog
45. "21 herberts from raynes park" 0'22'' yellow dog
46. You Really Got A Hold On Me 2'56'' yellow dog
47. "didn't hurt a bit, did it?" 0'04'' yellow dog
48. "add this one to your collection" 0'10'' yellow dog
49. I'll Get You 2'00'' yellow dog
50. I Got A Woman 2'48'' masterfraction and yellow dog
51. "a crafty long quickie" 0'18'' yellow dog

The Beatles - The Complete BBC Sessions Upgraded for 2004 - Disc Three

Label: Purple Chick, PC-73

SIDE BY SIDE (24 June 1963)
1. Side By Side 0'52'' silent sea and bbc trailer
2. "up to some no good monkey business" 0'04'' yellow dog
3. Too Much Monkey Business 2'03'' yellow dog
4. outro 2'03'' yellow dog
5. "his one and only song" 0'16'' yellow dog
6. Boys 2'29'' yellow dog
7. "one voice noticeably absent" 0'31'' yellow dog
8. I'll Be On My Way 1'58'' yellow dog
9. "george playing of course" 0'04'' yellow dog
10. From Me To You 2'00'' yellow dog
POP GO THE BEATLES #4 (25 June 1963)
11. intro 2'49'' yellow dog
12. I Saw Her Standing There 2'49'' yellow dog
13. "you feel like a man now?" 0'23'' yellow dog
14. "john lets his guitar take second place" 0'05'' yellow dog
15. Anna (Go To Him) 2'59'' yellow dog
16. "i'm very glad you sang that" 0'29'' yellow dog
17. "oh, very fit" 0'36'' yellow dog
18. Boys 2'26'' yellow dog
19. "he can sing can ringo" 0'27'' yellow dog
20. Chains 2'13'' yellow dog
21. "thank you georgeous george" 0'04'' yellow dog
22. "who sings this next song?" 0'14'' yellow dog
23. P.S. I Love You 1'59'' masterfraction and great dane
24. "no relation to john, brackets" 1'59'' yellow dog
25. Twist And Shout 0'40'' masterfraction
26. "we'll all be at it again soon" 2'29'' yellow dog
SATURDAY CLUB (29 June 1963)
27. I Got To Find My Baby 1'54'' yellow dog
28. "it's also for harry, and his box" 0'36'' yellow dog
29. Memphis 2'17'' yellow dog
30. Money (That's What I Want) 2'29'' yellow dog
31. Till There Was You 2'13'' great dane and yellow dog
32. "a couple of quick ones" 0'27'' yellow dog
33. From Me To You 1'50'' yellow dog
34. Roll Over Beethoven 2'29'' yellow dog
THE BEAT SHOW (4 July 1963)
35. A Taste Of Honey 1'56'' great dane
36. Twist And Shout 2'31'' great dane and unbooted
POP GO THE BEATLES #5 (16 July 1963)
37. That's All Right (Mama) 2'53'' great dane
38. "that's all right with me, great!" 0'04'' great dane
39. There's A Place 1'48'' great dane
40. outro 0'11'' great dane and yellow dog
41. "i couldn't find one for a carol" 0'11'' beeb and great dane
42. Carol 2'36'' great dane
43. "i haven't got a passport" 0'31'' great dane
44. Soldier Of Love (Lay Down Your Arms) 1'59'' great dane
45. "that was john lennon who got fell in" 0'04'' yellow dog
46. "with these haircuts?" 0'09'' yellow dog
47. Lend Me Your Comb 1'46'' great dane
48. "a little rhyme" 0'32'' great dane
49. Clarabella 2'38'' great dane
EASY BEAT (21 July 1963)
50. I Saw Her Standing There 2'36'' yellow dog
51. A Shot Of Rhythm And Blues 2'09'' yellow dog
52. There's A Place 1'50'' yellow dog
53. Twist And Shout 2'31'' yellow dog
BONUS
54. no music 2'36''
55. Side By Side (edited version) 2'36''

The Beatles - The Complete BBC Sessions Upgraded for 2004 - Disc Two

Label: Purple Chick, PC-72

SATURDAY CLUB (25 May 1963)
1. intro 0'04'' yellow dog
2. I Saw Her Standing There 2'54'' great dane
3. "...as everything else combined" 0'23'' great dane
4. Do You Want To Know A Secret 1'47'' great dane
5. Boys 2'25'' great dane
6. "their fame it seems has now spread to egypt" 0'17'' great dane and yellow dog
7. Long Tall Sally 1'46'' great dane
8. "nearly all the requests were for their big one" 0'12'' yellow dog
9. From Me To You 1'51'' great dane
10. Money (That's What I Want) 2'15'' great dane
STEPPIN' OUT (3 June 1963)
11. Please Please Me 2'00'' yellow dog
12. I Saw Her Standing There 3'00'' yellow dog
POP GO THE BEATLES #1 (4 June 1963)
13. Pop Go The Beatles (short) 0'20'' yellow dog and bbc trailer
14. "one they didn't pen themselves" 0'04'' yellow dog
15. Everybody's Trying To Be My Baby 2'02'' yellow dog
16. "just get your guitar and strum it" 0'18'' yellow dog
17. Do You Want To Know A Secret 1'46'' yellow dog
18. "we got the box, harry" 0'23'' yellow dog
19. You Really Got A Hold On Me 2'52'' yellow dog
20. " a very good imitation" 0'04'' yellow dog
21. "the plastic gets in the way" 0'19'' yellow dog
22. The Hippy Hippy Shake 1'40'' yellow dog
23. Misery 1'42'' yellow dog
24. Pop Goes The Beatles (longest version) 1'12'' yellow dog
POP GO THE BEATLES #2 (11 June 1963)
25. Too Much Monkey Business 1'47'' yellow dog
26. "love these goon shows" 0'29'' yellow dog
27. I Got To Find My Baby 1'56'' yellow dog
28. "the beatles can take a rest" 0'04'' yellow dog
29. "happy birthday to you ringo" 0'22'' yellow dog
30. Youngblood 1'56'' yellow dog
31. "now paul has a go..." 0'11'' yellow dog
32. Till There Was You 2'10'' yellow dog
33. "do you do mickey mouse?" 0'28'' yellow dog
34. Baby, It's You 2'43'' masterfraction
35. "the dark days of 1962" 0'37' yellow dog
36. Love Me Do 2'25'' yellow dog
POP GO THE BEATLES #3 (18 June 1963)
37. "all's right will the world" 0'21'' yellow dog
38. A Shot Of Rhythm And Blues 2'04'' yellow dog
39. "better cut down on the jelly babies" 0'45'' yellow dog
40. Memphis 2'15'' yellow dog
41. "happy birthday to paul" 0'43'' yellow dog
42. A Taste Of Honey 1'53'' yellow dog
43. "fingering practice pays dividents" 0'10'' yellow dog
44. Sure To Fall 2'08'' yellow dog
45. outro 0'04'' yellow dog
46. "more for the joy of living" 0'08'' yellow dog
47. Money (That's What I Want) 2'38'' yellow dog
48. "an eye on the pounds" 0'05'' yellow dog
49. "but we promised" 0'10'' yellow dog
50. From Me To You 1'44'' yellow dog and great dane
51. "so see you then" 0'05'' great dane and yellow dog
EASY BEAT (23 June 1963)
52. Some Other Guy 2'01'' pyramid
53. "twenty one last week" 0'29'' pyramid
54. A Taste Of Honey 1'59'' pyramid, beeb and yellow dog
55. Thank You Girl 2'08'' pyramid and yellow dog
56. "we don't normally play requests..." 0'27'' pyramid
57. From Me To You 1'59'' pyramid and yellow dog

The Beatles - The Complete BBC Sessions Upgraded for 2004 - Disc One

Label: Purple Chick, PC-71

TEENAGER'S TURN - HERE WE GO (8 March 1962)
1. intro 0'07'' unbooted upgrade
2. Memphis 2'14'' unbooted upgrade
3. intro 0'07'' unbooted upgrade
4. Dream Baby (How Long Must I Dream) 1'47'' unbooted upgrade
5. intro 0'10'' unbooted upgrade
6. Please Mr. Postman 2'10'' unbooted upgrade
HERE WE GO (15 June 1962)
7. intro 0'06'' unbooted upgrade
8. Ask Me Why 2'18'' unbooted upgrade
9. intro 0'08'' unbooted upgrade
10. Besame Mucho 2'30'' unbooted upgrade
11. intro 0'11'' unbooted upgrade
12. A Picture Of You 2'22'' unbooted upgrade
HERE WE GO (26 October 1962)
13. A Taste Of Honey 0'53'' artifacts and yellow dog
HERE WE GO (25 January 1963)
14. Chains 1'37'' yellow dog
15. Please Please Me 1'37'' yellow dog
16. Ask Me Why 2'14'' yellow dog
SATURDAY CLUB (26 January 1963)
17. Some Other Guy 2'01'' unbooted upgrade
18. "it won't be long before they're all over the country" 0'18'' bbc trailer
19. Love Me Do 1'29'' bbc trailer
20. Please Please Me 0'32'' unbooted fragments
21. Keep Your Hands Off My Baby 2'29'' unbooted upgrade
22. Beautiful Dreamer 1'55'' unbooted upgrade
THE TALENT SPOT (29 January 1963)
23. Ask Me Why 2'21'' yellow dog
HERE WE GO (12 April 1963)
24. intro 0'17'' yellow dog
25. Misery 1'48'' yellow dog
26. intro 0'12'' yellow dog
27. Do You Want To Know A Secret 1'53'' yellow dog
28. intro 0'21'' yellow dog
29. Please Please Me 1'53'' yellow dog
SATURDAY CLUB (16 March 1963)
30. I Saw Her Standing There 2'45'' unbooted upgrade and yellow dog
31. "you write songs as well, don't you?" 0'45'' yellow dog
32. Misery 1'46'' yellow dog
33. Too Much Monkey Business 1'47'' yellow dog
34. I'm Talking About You 1'51'' deflating and unbooted upgrade
35. "nobody can live on the same stage" 0'50'' yellow dog
36. Please Please Me 1'52'' yellow dog
37. The Hippy Hippy Shake 1'43'' yellow dog
EASY BEAT (7 April 1963)
38. brian and gerry marsden intro 0'40'' yellow dog
39. From Me To You 1'56'' yellow dog
SWINGING SOUND '63 (18 April 1963)
40. Twist And Shout 2'11'' great dane and yellow dog
41. From Me To You 2'20'' yellow dog
SIDE BY SIDE (13 May 1963)
42. Side By Side 0'10'' yellow dog
43. Long Tall Sally 1'46'' yellow dog and great dane
44. "it came in a vision on a flaming pie" 0'21'' yellow dog
45. A Taste Of Honey 2'01'' yellow dog
46. Chains 2'21'' yellow dog
47. "who had the original idea?" 0'22'' yellow dog
48. Thank You Girl 1'59'' yellow dog
49. "that's the track that's selling it!" 0'11'' yellow dog
50. Boys 1'57'' yellow dog

Friday, April 24, 2009

Elton John - Dick James Demos Vol. 1

Label: Yellow Dog Records, YD 023
Country: Luxembourg
Year: 1992

1. The Tide Will Turn For Rebecca 3:27
2. Sitting Doing Nothing * 2:41
3. When The First Tear Shows * 3:00
4. Thank You For All Your Loving * 3:24
5. Get Out Of This Town (Instr.) 3:07
6. Tartan Coloured Lady * 3:56
7. Angel Tree * 2:03
8. Turn To Me * 3:20
9. I Can't Go On Living Without You 2:56
10. 71/75 New Oxford Street (Instr.) 3:04
11. When I Was Tealby Abbey 2:38
12. And The Clock Goes Round 3:05
13. Regimental Sgt. Zippo 4:37
14. A Dandelion Dies In The Wind * 3:12
15. You'll Be Sorry To See Me Go 2:45
16. Come Down In Town 3:27

* = 1st mix
All Songs By B. Taupin/E. John
Except 5 & 10 E. John

The Unsurpassed Eric Clapton / The Delany - Mix Of His First Solo Album

Label: Yellow Dog Records, YD 022
Country: Luxembourg
Year: 1992

stereo

The Unsurpassed Eric Clapton
The Delany mix of his first solo album

1 Slunky
2 Bad Boy
3 Lonesome And A Long Way From Home
4 After Midnight
5 Blues Power
6 Bottle Of Red Wine
7 Lovin' You Lovin' Me
8 Told You For The Last Time
9 Don't Know Why
10 Let It Rain
11 Easy Now
12 Lonesome And A Long Way From Home (#2)
13 Don't Know Why (#2)

The Unsurpassed Springsteen Vol. 4 / Greetings From Asbury Park Outtakes

Label: Yellow Dog Records, YD 021
Country: Luxembourg
Year: 1992

stereo

The Unsurpassed Springsteen Volume 4
Greetings From Asbury Park Outtakes

1. Jazz Musician 6:16
2. Southern Son 4:24
3. It's Hard To Be A Saint In The City 2:47
4. No Need 6:09
5. If I Was The Priest 5:44
6. Vibes Man 3:14
7. Henry Boy 3:19
8. She's Leaving (#1) 2:58
9. She's Leaving (#2) 5:16
10. Tokyo 4:02
11. Song Of The Orphans 6:13
12. The Lady And The Doctor 3:22
13. Cowboys Of The Sea 4:06

Words and music: Bruce Springsteen
recorded July 1972
914 Studios - Blauvelt, New York

The Unsurpassed Springsteen Vol. 3 / CBS Audition (Hammond demos)

Label: Yellow Dog Records, YDCD 020
Year: 1993

stereo

The Unsurpassed Springsteen Volume 3
CBS Audition (Hammond demos)

1. Mary, Queen Of Arkansas 4:32
2. It's Hard To Be A Saint In The City 3:08
3. Jazz Musician 5:38
4. If I Was The Priest 5:27
5. Arabian Nights 5:27
6. Growin' Up 2:52
7. Does This Bus Stop At 82nd Street? 2:10
8. Two Hearts In True Waltz Time 3:56
9. Street Queen 4:04
10. The Angel 3:55
11. Southern Son 4:07
12. Cowboys Of The Sea 4:54

Words and music: Bruce Springsteen
recorded May 6, 1972 CBS Studios - New York

The Unsurpassed Springsteen Vol. 2 / Max's Kansas City 1972-1973

Label: Yellow Dog Records, YDCD 019
Year: 1993

stereo

The Unsurpassed Springsteen Volume 2
Max's Kansas City 1972-1973

Max's Kansas City '72
1. The Bishop Dance 4:20
2. Song Of The Orphans 8:18
3. Circus Song 4:36
4. Thundercrack 6:52
5. Vibes Man 3:09

Max's Kansas City '73
6. New York City Serenade 8:10
7. 4th Of July Asbury Park (Sandy) 6:45
8. Spirit In The Night 4:56
9. Does This Bus Top At 82nd Street? 4:09
10. Something You Got 6:40
11. Zero And Blind Terry 6:08
12. Thundercrack 11:26

words and music: Bruce Springsteen
except 10: O. Kenner

Bob Dylan - Folksingers Choice

Label: Yellow Dog Records, YD 017
Country: Luxembourg
Year: 1992

mono

Radio Show, March 11th, 1962

1. Lonesome Whistle Blues (Williams/Davies)
2. Conversation
3. Fixin' To Die (Bakker White)
4. Conversation
5. Tell Me Baby (Howlin' Wolf)
6. Conversation
7. Hard Travel (Traditional)
8. Conversation
9. Death Of Emmett Till (B. Dylan)
10. Conversation
11. Standing On The Highway (B. Dylan)
12. Conversation
13. Long John (Traditional)
14. Conversation
15. Stealin' (Traditional)
16. Conversation
17. Long Time Man Feel Bad (Traditional)
18. Conversation
19. Baby Please Don't Go (Big J Williams)
20. Conversation
21. Hard Times In New York Town (B. Dylan)

The Who - The 'Tommy' Demos

Label: Yellow Dog Records, YD 007
Date: 1991
Country: Luxembourg

1. Overture
2. It's a Boy!
3. 1921
4. Amazing Journey
5. Sparks
6. Christmas
7. Cousin Kevin *
8. The Acid Queen
9. Underture
10. Do You Think It's Alright?
11. Fiddle About *
12. Pinball Wizard
13. There's a Doctor
14. Go to the Mirror
15. Success
16. Tommy, Can You Hear Me?
17. Smash The Mirror
18. Sensation
19. Miracle Cure
20. Sally Simpson
21. I'm Free
22. Tommy's Holiday Camp
23. Welcome
24. We're Not Gonna Take It

All songs written by Pete Townshend except
* John Entwhistle
** Keith Moon

Beatle People: Pattie Boyd

Patricia Anne "Pattie" Boyd (born 17 March 1944) is an English model and photographer, and the first wife of George Harrison of The Beatles, after whom she married Eric Clapton. She was the inspiration of love songs written by both musicians, most notably Harrison's "Something," and Clapton's "Layla," "Wonderful Tonight," and "Bell Bottom Blues."

Boyd started her modeling career in 1962, but was rejected by many photographers owing to her unconventional looks, including rather prominent front teeth; one stated, "models don't look like rabbits." She modeled in London, New York and Paris (for Mary Quant and others), and was photographed by David Bailey and Terence Donovan.

An exhibition of photographs taken by Boyd during her days with Harrison and Clapton opened at the San Francisco Art Exchange on February 14, 2005, titled Through the Eye of a Muse. The exhibition also ran again in San Francisco in February 2006, and for six weeks between June and July 2006, in London.

Early years and career

Boyd was born in Taunton, Somerset, to Colin Ian Langdon Boyd and Diana Frances Drysdale (married 14 September 1942). She was the eldest child, before Colin (1946) Helen Mary (later known as Jenny, 1947, later married to Mick Fleetwood) and Paula (1951). Boyd nicknamed Helen "Jenny," after one of her favorite dolls. The Boyds moved to Nairobi, Kenya, from 1948 to 1953, after her father's discharge from the Royal Air Force following a severe injury as a pilot during WWII. Diana and Colin divorced in 1952, and Diana returned to England with her four children following her remarriage to Robert Gaymer-Jones in February 1953 in Tanganyika (now Tanzania). They had two sons named David J.B. (1954) and Robert, Jr. (1955), Pattie's half-brothers. Boyd attended convent boarding schools until 1961, and moved to London in 1962, first working at Elizabeth Arden's as a shampoo girl. A client who worked for a fashion magazine asked her if she had thought of a modeling as a career.

Boyd modeled in London, New York, and Paris (for Mary Quant), and was photographed by David Bailey and Terence Donovan. She appeared on covers of the UK and Italian editions of Vogue in 1969. After becoming George Harrison's girlfriend, Boyd was asked by Gloria Stavers to write a regular column for 16 Magazine. Twiggy, the popular 1960s model, commented that she based her own look on Boyd when starting her modeling career in 1966.

George Harrison

Boyd, who was nineteen in 1964, met Harrison during the filming for A Hard Day's Night, after being cast as a schoolgirl fan for the film. Boyd was "semi-engaged" to boyfriend Eric Swayne, whom she'd dated for about a year, and out of loyalty declined Harrison's first invitation for a date, but said that Harrison was the most beautiful man she had ever seen. One of the first things Harrison said to her was "Will you marry me?" Boyd laughed, so Harrison said, "Well, if you won't marry me, will you have dinner with me tonight?" Several days later, when Boyd was recalled for another day's work on the film, Harrison asked her out again and she accepted, having ended the relationship with Swayne. Their first date was spent at the Garrick Club (a private gentlemen's club) in Covent Garden, in the company of The Beatles' manager, Brian Epstein.

Boyd was present, along with Harrison, John and Cynthia Lennon, during their first encounter with LSD in early 1965. A dentist, John Riley, the son of a London police officer, laced their coffee with the drug. The effect differed among all of them, with Lennon and Harrison feeling ecstatic in the beginning, but Boyd and Cynthia feeling confused and scared. In an agitated state, Boyd threatened to break a store window until Harrison dragged her away.

Harrison and Boyd were driving through London in December 1965 when he proposed marriage to her, but said he would have to talk to Epstein first; this was to make sure no Beatles tours had been planned. Boyd married Harrison on 21 January 1966, in a ceremony in Epsom, Surrey, with Paul McCartney (Best Man) and Epstein in attendance. John Lennon and Ringo Starr had gone on holiday abroad with their wives, distracting journalists from finding out about the wedding. Pattie started living with George at Kinfauns in 1965. Boyd and Harrison later went on holiday with Epstein, staying at the Hotel Cap Estrelle near Eze, in the south of France.

While Lennon was in Spain filming How I Won the War in September 1966, Harrison and Boyd flew to Bombay (now called Mumbai) as guests of sitar virtuoso Ravi Shankar, and returned to London on 23 October 1966. Through her interest in Eastern mysticism and her membership in his Spiritual Regeneration Movement, she inspired The Beatles to meet the Indian mystic, Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, in London on 24 August 1967, which resulted in a visit to Bangor, in Wales, to join him again in the following day. Boyd attended the Our World broadcast of "All You Need Is Love," which was shown on 25 June 1967. Boyd was also arrested on 12 March 1969 for possession of marijuana, after a police raid.

Breakdown

Lennon and Mick Jagger were also said to have had crushes on Boyd, with Jagger admitting to then-girlfriend Bebe Buell in the 1980s that he had failed to seduce Boyd after trying for years. Boyd had a brief affair with future Rolling Stone Ronnie Wood in 1973, as her marriage to Harrison was ending. According to Boyd, Harrison backed out of a planned holiday with her (claiming to be ill) and then invited Krissie Wood (Wood's wife) on a holiday to Spain to see Salvador Dali, although Harrison later denied that he and Krissie Wood had had an affair. According to Boyd's account, while Harrison was in Spain with Krissie Wood, she (Boyd) traveled to the Bahamas with her sister Paula, and was joined by Ron Wood. Boyd and Wood were spotted by the press upon their return to London, on 25 November 1973, which was reported in the press. Boyd states that Harrison's increasing religious explorations irrevocably alienated her, and they split in June 1974 and flew to Los Angeles to stay with her sister Jenny.

Eric Clapton

In the late 1960s, Clapton and Harrison became close friends, and began writing and recording music together. It was reported at this time that Clapton fell in love with Boyd. Clapton also fell in love with Boyd's 17-year-old sister, Paula, who moved in with him. Paula left Clapton when she heard "Layla," because the song confirmed that Clapton had been using her as a substitute for her sister. Boyd claims that when she rebuffed Clapton's advances in late 1970, he descended into heroin addiction and self-imposed exile with Alice Ormsby-Gore for three years. Meanwhile, during Clapton's tenure in Derek and the Dominos, their only studio album, Layla and Other Assorted Love Songs, was written to state his love for Boyd. It produced "Layla" which became a hit in three different decades, and in two different versions.

The outward image of the perfect couple masked struggles within their marriage, which began in 1979. Although Boyd drank and admits to past drug use, unlike Clapton she never became an alcoholic or a drug addict. Boyd states that she left Clapton at one point due to his refusal to seek treatment for his alcoholism, and she began seeing a photographer, Will Christie. In 1984, Clapton began a year-long relationship with Yvonne Kelly; they had a daughter, Ruth, born in January 1985. Clapton and Kelly did not make any public announcement about the birth of their daughter, and Ruth was not revealed as his child until 1991, at the funeral of his son Conor. Boyd says that she did not know of Ruth's existence until 1991: "What cut deepest was that Eric had known about the child all along. While declaring undying love to me and pleading with me to go back to him, he had been paying Yvonne maintenance for the past six years." Boyd states that she divorced Clapton after years of alcoholism as well as numerous affairs on his part, which began before their marriage. Clapton and Boyd divorced in 1989, following his affair with Italian model Lori Del Santo, who had given birth to a son, Conor, in August 1986. Boyd herself has never been able to conceive children, despite attempts at in vitro fertilization. Boyd and Clapton's divorce was granted on the grounds of "infidelity and unreasonable behavior."

Song inspiration

Boyd claims that she was the inspiration for one of Harrison's Beatles songs, "Something," which Frank Sinatra said was, at the time, the best love song written in 50 years. Boyd stated that Harrison told her "Something" was written for her, but after they parted Harrison said he was thinking about a song for Ray Charles. Boyd also stated she was the inspiration for "Bell Bottom Blues," which Clapton reportedly wrote after he gave her a pair of blue jeans. In her autobiography, Boyd wrote that Clapton gave her a pair of jeans after returning from a trip to Miami. It appeared on the same album as "Layla," which took its name from a Persian tale of unrequited love that Clapton had received from a friend.

On 7 September 1976, Clapton wrote "Wonderful Tonight" for Boyd while waiting for her to get ready to attend Paul and Linda McCartney's annual Buddy Holly party. Of "Wonderful Tonight," Boyd would say: "For years it tore at me. To have inspired Eric, and George before him, to write such music was so flattering. 'Wonderful Tonight' was the most poignant reminder of all that was good in our relationship, and when things went wrong it was torture to hear it."

Photography and autobiography

An exhibition of photographs taken by Boyd during her days with Harrison and Clapton opened at the San Francisco Art Exchange on Valentine's Day 2005, titled, Through the Eye of a Muse. The exhibition also ran again in San Francisco in February 2006, and for six weeks in June and July of 2006, in London. It was also on display for a few weeks at the Morrison Hotel gallery in La Jolla, California, in 2008. Wonderful Today: George Harrison, Eric Clapton, and Me, was published in England on 23 August 2007, by Hodder Headline Review and in the U.S. (as Wonderful Tonight) on 28 August 2007, by Harmony Books, includes her own photographs and was written with a £950,000 ($2.2 million) advance. It was co-written with journalist Penny Junor. In the United States, Boyd's book debuted at the top of the New York Times Best Seller list.

Wikipedia

Thursday, April 23, 2009

Beatle People: Robert Freeman

Robert Freeman is a celebrated photographer and designer, most famous for his album cover photos for the The Beatles and his design work on the end credit sequences of their first two films and the related film posters and advertising materials.

He was the Beatles' most favored photographer during the years 1963 to 1966 and shot arguably the most iconic images of them. He photographed and designed the covers for five consecutive album covers of the Beatles-sanctioned UK album releases on the Parlophone label. Most of those images were also adapted by Capitol Records for the US releases they compiled from the Beatles' UK recordings.

Freeman first came to prominence as a photo journalist working for the British newspaper The Sunday Times - for which he photographed a variety of subjects including Khrushchev in the Kremlin. He had also become noted for his black-and-white photographs of several jazz musicians including John Coltrane. It was these photographs that impressed the Beatles' manager Brian Epstein and the Beatles themselves and led to his first commission in August 1963 to photograph the group. He was selected to photograph the entirety of the first-ever Pirelli Calendar - shot in 1963 for the year 1964.

Early career

Robert Freeman graduated from Cambridge in 1959. "In the summer of '63. I'd been a photographer for two years but had already established a reputation through my work for the Sunday Times and other magazines. I'd recently been on assignment in Moscow to photograph Khrushchev in the Kremlin, and earlier that year had shot the first Pirelli calendar. This was a big hit and, in later years, a media event. But my favorite assignment during that period was photographing John Coltrane and other jazz musicians at a festival in London. It was photographs of these musicians that I later showed to the Beatles...I contacted their press agent in London. He referred me to Brian Epstein, their manager, who asked me to send samples of my work to Llandudno, in Wales, where the Beatles were playing at the time. I put together a portfolio of large black-and-white prints, most of which were portraits of jazz musicians - Cannonball Adderley, Dizzy Gillespie, Elvin Jones, Coleman Hawkins and John Coltrane. The Beatles' response was positive - they liked the photographs and, as a result, Brian arranged for me to meet them in Bournemouth a week later where they were booked to play several evenings at the local Gaumont cinema."

With the Beatles cover

The cover for With the Beatles was shot by Freeman on 22 August 1963 in the Palace Court Hotel, Bournemouth, England.

Freeman recalls:
“They had to fit in the square format of the cover, so rather than have them all in a line, I put Ringo in the bottom right corner, since he was the last to join the group. He was also the shortest.”
Paul McCartney's recollection of the session:
“He arranged us in a hotel corridor: it was very un-studio-like. The corridor was very dark, and there was a window at the end, and by using this heavy source of natural light coming from the right, he got that very moody picture which most people think he must have worked at forever and ever. But it was only an hour. He sat down, took a couple of rolls, and that was it.”
The original idea was to paint the picture from edge to edge, with no bleeding or title, but the studio vetoed it, on the grounds that the Beatles were not yet famous enough to carry a nameless cover. (The first album to carry an edge-to-edge cover was the Rolling Stones' self-titled debut, released a few months later.) The studio also tried to pull the cover because the Beatles were not smiling, and it was only after George Martin intervened that they won the day. Freeman was paid £75 for his work (three times the normal fee).

Beatles for Sale cover

The album cover for Beatles for Sale shows the Beatles in an autumnal setting photographed in Hyde Park, London. McCartney recalled: "The album cover was rather nice: Robert Freeman's photos. It was easy. We did a session lasting a couple of hours and had some reasonable pictures to use.... The photographer would always be able to say to us, 'Just show up,' because we all wore the same kind of gear all the time. Black stuff; white shirts and big black scarves."

The album also features a gatefold cover, the photo inside the gatefold cover showed the Beatles standing in front of a montage of photos.

Help! cover

The Help! album cover features the group spelling out a word in semaphore; the British Parlophone release featured the word 'NUJV', whilst the slightly re-arranged US release on Capitol Records appeared to feature the word 'NVUJ'. However, it may be argued that some of the members of the band were not only re-arranged but reversed as well.

However, the truth is the photo does not spell any message at all in semaphore. Robert Freeman confirms this: "I had the idea of semaphore spelling out the letters HELP. But when we came to do the shot the arrangement of the arms with those letters didn't look good. So we decided to improvise and ended up with the best graphic positioning of the arms."

Rubber Soul cover

The photo of the Beatles on the Rubber Soul cover appears stretched. McCartney relates the story behind this in Volume 5 of the documentary film Anthology. Photographer Bob Freeman had taken some pictures of the Beatles at Lennon's house. Freeman showed the photos to the Beatles by projecting them onto an album-sized piece of cardboard to simulate how they would appear on an album cover. The unusual Rubber Soul album cover came to be when the slide card fell slightly backwards, elongating the projected image of the photograph and stretching it. Excited by the effect, they shouted, "Ah! Can we have that? Can you do it like that?" Freeman said he could.

The lettering was designed by Charles Front.

Personal life

In the 1960s, Freeman was married to a German-born model - known at the time as Sonny Freeman, with whom he had two children. He was later married to author Tiddy Rowan with whom he had a daughter.

According to a claim in Philip Norman's 2008 biography of Lennon, between 1963 and 1965, Freeman's then wife, Sonny Drane (a model and 1964 Pirelli calendar-girl), had a year-long clandestine affair with John Lennon. Norman further claimed that she was the inspiration for Lennon's song "Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)."

Wikipedia

Wednesday, April 22, 2009

Beatle People: Peter Asher

Peter Asher was born on 22 June 1944 in Willesden, London, then part of Middlesex, England. He is a guitarist, singer, manager and record producer.

Early life

He was a child actor and appeared in the film The Planter's Wife and the stage play Isn't Life Wonderful when he was 8 years old and also in the ITV series The Adventures of Robin Hood. While attending the independent Westminster School as a day boy, he first met fellow student Gordon Waller, and they began playing and singing together as a duo in coffee bars and in 1962 formed the duo "Peter and Gordon." Asher later attended King's College London.

Asher is the son of Dr Richard and Margaret Asher, and the older brother of actress and businesswoman Jane Asher and radio actress Clare Asher. Jane Asher was, in the mid-1960s, the girlfriend of The Beatles' Paul McCartney. Through this connection, Asher and Waller were often given unrecorded Lennon/McCartney songs to perform, most notably their first and biggest hit, 1964's decidedly Beatlesque "A World Without Love."

1960s

In 1965, he was best man when singer Marianne Faithfull married John Dunbar in Cambridge.

After Peter & Gordon disbanded in 1968, Asher took charge of the A&R department at The Beatles' Apple Records label, where he signed a then-unknown James Taylor and agreed to produce the singer-songwriter's debut solo album. The album was not a success, but Asher was so convinced that Taylor held great potential that he resigned his post at Apple to move to the United States and work as Taylor's manager. He also produced Taylor's recording over several decades.

In 1969, Asher was asked by Beatle George Harrison to look up an American band called Raven while he was in New York City. He offered Raven an Apple Records recording contract in the kitchen of Steve Paul's Scene but the group turned it down and instead signed with Columbia Records.

1970s

In the early 1970s Asher also managed a country rock band called Country, which recorded for Atlantic Records through its subsidiary Clean Records, featuring Michael Fondiler and Tom Snow, who has since become a songwriter. Asher achieved his greatest success producing a long string of eclectic and huge-selling albums for Linda Ronstadt, including Heart Like A Wheel, Simple Dreams, What's New, Canciones De Mi Padre and Cry Like A Rainstorm, Howl Like The Wind.

Asher also played a role in shaping the California rock sound prominent during the 1970s, producing records for Ronstadt, J.D. Souther, Andrew Gold and Bonnie Raitt. In 1976, Asher and Waller reformed for the annual New York 'Beatlefest' and played a few other dates. In the 1980s, Asher also worked on hit albums for artists as diverse as Cher and 10,000 Maniacs.

Asher had been quoted as saying that actor Mike Myers has said he had patterned his Austin Powers character after Asher's appearance.

Personal life

He had a short-lived relationship with Millie Small, known as Millie, who sang "My Boy Lollipop."

His daughter Victoria Asher is keytarist in the popular American pop-punk band Cobra Starship.

Awards and recognition

Grammy awards

* 1977 — Producer of The Year, Non-Classical
* 1989 — Producer Of The Year, Non-Classical (Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind)
* 2002 — Best Spoken Comedy Album (Live 2002 (Robin Williams))

Discography (selection)

As performer

* In Touch With... (by Peter & Gordon) (1964)
* Peter And Gordon (by Peter & Gordon) (1964)
* World Without Love Peter and Gordon (by Peter & Gordon) (1964)
* Hurtin' 'N' Lovin' (by Peter & Gordon) (1965)
* I Don't Want To See You Again (by Peter & Gordon) (1965)
* I Go To Pieces (by Peter & Gordon) (1965)
* True Love Ways (by Peter & Gordon) (1965)
* Best Of Peter And Gordon (by Peter & Gordon) (1966)
* Peter And Gordon Sing & Play the Hits of Nashville (1966)
* Somewhere (by Peter & Gordon) (1966)
* Woman (by Peter & Gordon) (1966)
* In London For Tea (by Peter & Gordon) (1967)
* Knight In Rusty Armour (by Peter & Gordon) (1967)
* Lady Godiva (by Peter & Gordon) (1967)
* Hot Cold & Custard (by Peter & Gordon) (1967)
* Gordon (Solo: Gordon Waller) (1972)
* Best Of Peter And Gordon (by Peter & Gordon) (1983)
* Hits Of Peter And Gordon (by Peter & Gordon) (1983)
* Best Of Peter And Gordon (by Peter & Gordon) (1991)
* Ultimate Peter And Gordon (by Peter & Gordon) (2001)
* Definitive Collection: Knights In Rusty Armour (by Peter & Gordon) (2003)

As producer

* James Taylor (by James Taylor) (1968)
* Barbara Keith (by Barbara Keith) (1969)
* Jo Mama (by Jo Mama) (1970)
* Sweet Baby James (by James Taylor) (1970)
* Mud Slide Slim and the Blue Horizon (by James Taylor) (1971)
* Sister Kate (by Kate Taylor) (1971)
* Tony Joe White (by Tony Joe White) (1971)
* One Man Dog (by James Taylor) (1972)
* Don't Cry Now (by Linda Ronstadt) (1973)
* Heart Like A Wheel (by Linda Ronstadt) (1974)
* Prisoner In Disguise (by Linda Ronstadt) (1975)
* Black Rose (by J.D. Souther) (1975)
* Hasten Down The Wind (by Linda Ronstadt) (1976)
* In the Pocket (by James Taylor) (1976)
* Love Songs (by David Sanborn) (1976)
* JT (by James Taylor) (1977)
* Simple Dreams (by Linda Ronstadt) (1977)
* Living In The USA (by Linda Ronstadt) (1978)
* Flag (by James Taylor) (1979)
* The Glow (by Bonnie Raitt) (1979)
* Mad Love (by Linda Ronstadt) (1980)
* Dad Loves His Work (by James Taylor) (1981)
* Get Closer (by Linda Ronstadt) (1982)
* Reelin' in the Years, Vol. 1 (by various artists) (1983)
* What's New (by Linda Ronstadt) (1983)
* Lush Life (by Linda Ronstadt) (1984)
* Moonlighting (Original TV soundtrack) (1984)
* That's Why I'm Here (by James Taylor) (1985)
* An American Tail (Original soundtrack) (1986)
* For Sentimental Reasons (by Linda Ronstadt) (1986)
* Canciones De Mi Padre (by Linda Ronstadt) (1987)
* Cher (by Cher) (1987)
* In My Tribe (by 10,000 Maniacs) (1987)
* Storytellers: Singers & Songwriters (by various artists) (1987)
* The Land Before Time (Original soundtrack) (1988)
* Blind Man's Zoo (by 10,000 Maniacs) (1989)
* Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind (by Linda Ronstadt) (1989)
* Heart of Stone (by Cher) (1989)
* You Happy Puppet (by 10,000 Maniacs) (1989)
* Mermaids (Original soundtrack) (1990)
* Force Behind the Power (by Diana Ross) (1991)
* Live in Rio (by James Taylor) (1991)
* Love Hurts (by Cher) (1991)
* Lovescape (by Neil Diamond) (1991)
* Mambo Kings (Original soundtrack) (1991)
* Swept (by Julia Fordham) (1991)
* Williams Brothers (by The Williams Brothers) (1991)
* American Standard (by Mary's Danish) (1992)
* Back to Basics (by Olivia Newton-John) (1992)
* Christmas Album (by Neil Diamond) (1992)
* Olivia (by Olivia Newton-John) (1992)
* Time Takes Time (by Ringo Starr) (1992)
* Made in America (Original soundtrack) (1993)
* Robin Zander (by Robin Zander) (1993)
* Up on the Roof: Songs from the Brill Building (by Neil Diamond) (1993)
* Christmas Album, Vol. 2 (by Neil Diamond) (1994)
* Randy Newman's Faust: Words & Music (by various artists) (1994)
* Don't Ask (by Tina Arena) (1995)
* EP Collection (by Peter & Gordon) (1995)
* Faust (by Randy Newman) (1995)
* It Takes Two (by various artists) (1996)
* One Fine Day (Original soundtrack) (1996)
* Show Me Heaven (by Tina Arena) (1996)
* Most Beautiful Soul Album on Earth (by various artists) (1997)
* Superstar Christmas (by various artists) (1997)
* Under These Rocks and Stones (by Chantal Kreviazuk) (1997)
* Armageddon (Original soundtrack) (1998)
* As I Came of Age (by Sarah Brightman) (1998)
* December (by Kenny Loggins) (1998)
* Motown 40 Forever (by various artists) (1998)
* All Time Greatest Movie Songs (by various artists) (1999)
* Best Party Megamix in the World Ever (by various artists) (1999)
* Collection (by Julia Fordham) (1999)
* Runaway Bride (Original soundtrack) (1999)
* When the Going Gets Tough (by Boyzone) (1999)
* Gift of Love (by Diana Ross) (2000)
* More Songs from Pooh Corner (by Kenny Loggins) (2000)
* Tigger Movie: Songs & Story (by various artists) (2000)
* Everything I Am (by Anna Vissi) (2001)
* Motown Anthology (by Diana Ross) (2001)
* Three Chord Opera (by Neil Diamond) (2001)
* Ultimate Peter and Gordon (by Peter & Gordon) (2001)
* Capitol Records 1942–2002(by various artists) (2002)
* Everybody's Got a Story (by Amanda Marshall) (2002)
* Freedom: A History of Us (Original soundtrack) (2002)
* Live 2002 (by Robin Williams)
* Providence (Original TV soundtrack) (2002)
* Sweet Is the Melody (by Aselin Debison) (2002)
* Best of the Definitive American Songbook, Vol. 2: I-Z (by various artists) (2003)
* Cafeteria: Hear (by various artists) (2003)
* Earth Rider — The Essential John Stewart 1964–1979 (by John Stewart) (2003)
* Singers and Songwriters Christmas Songs (by various artists) (2003)
* California (by Wilson Phillips) (2004)
* Campfire Songs: The Popular, Obscure and Unknown Recordings (by 10,000 Maniacs) (2004)
* De-Lovely (Original soundtrack) (2004)
* Intermission (by Amanda Marshall) (2004)
* Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow (Original soundtrack) (2004)
* Taking a Chance on Love (by Jane Monheit) (2004)
* Live at Earls Court (by Morrissey) (2005)
* Goodies, Vol. 1 (by various artists) (2005)
* Souvenirs (by Tina Arena) (2005)
* You're Only Lonely (by Raul Malo) (2006)
* Siren (by Sasha and Shawna) (2007)
* I love you (by Diana Ross) (2006)

As executive producer

* Harry's Cafe De Wheels (by Peter Blakeley) (1989)
* Timbre (by Sophie B. Hawkins) (1999)

Wikipedia

Tuesday, April 21, 2009

John Lennon's "Ode to Yoko"

For some reason, this search term has been coming up a lot. I'm not sure why, but I'm guessing it is for a contest of some sort. It's a bit of a strange term if it's not qualified in some way, as John obviously wrote several songs for Yoko. Here are some that come to mind:
  • "Julia" (in part for his mother and for Yoko, e.g. "ocean child")
  • "Don't Let Me Down"
  • "Jealous Guy"
  • "Oh My Love"
  • "Oh Yoko!"
  • "Aisumasen (I'm Sorry)"
  • "One Day (At a Time)"
  • "Out the Blue"
  • "I Know (I Know)"
  • "You Are Here"
  • "Bless You"
  • "(Just Like) Starting Over"
  • "Woman"
  • "Dear Yoko"
  • "Grow Old With Me"

October 1980 - The Hit Factory, New York

Taped: October 1980

Interview recorded during the Double Fantasy mixing sessions at the Hit Factory in New York.

Monday, April 20, 2009

Beatle People: Alistair Taylor

James Alistair Taylor (21 June 1935 in Runcorn – 9 June 2004 in Chesterfield) was the personal assistant of Brian Epstein who accompanied him to the Cavern Club when he first saw The Beatles play on 9 November 1961. Taylor later became General Manager of Apple Corps for a short period.

Biography

Born in Runcorn, Taylor did his National Service in the Royal Air Force and worked in a series of jobs as mover, timber importer and docker in the Liverpool Docks.

The opportunity of his life appears the day he had a job interview with Brian Epstein for a salesman job at NEMS. Brian liked him so much that he decided to offer him a job as his personal assistant in the shop.

At NEMS

Taylor invented the name of Raymond Jones to order Tony Sheridan’s album, because he thought NEMS was losing sales by not stocking the disc:

“The truth is that we were being asked for My Bonnie but no one actually ordered it. Brian would order any record once we had a firm order for it. I thought that we were losing sales and I wrote an order in the book under the name Raymond Jones and, from that moment the legend grew.”
—A. Taylor, The Beatles Book, 1997

The Cavern

Taylor accompanied Epstein to the Cavern Club when he first saw The Beatles play on 9 November 1961. During the show Taylor met The Beatles, and his opinion was "...these four horrible young men on stage, dressed in black leather trousers, black jackets, smoking, drinking and making noise...", but also said "...they were charismatic and exciting" and "I thought they were sensational."

As Brian Epstein’s personal assistant, Taylor witnessed crucial moments in the Beatles career and was present at the signing of the first contract with Brian (which Taylor signed as "In the presence of:").

In 1962, Taylor worked for Pye Records for 15 months, and moved to London (before the Beatles) due to his wife's asthma.

Mr. Fixit

In 1963, Taylor returned to NEMS to work as general manager for £1,000 per annum.

The Beatles named him Mr. Fixit for his ability to find solutions to all the boys' needs. For example:

* Buying cigarettes
* Hiring limousines
* Devising escapes from Beatles' fans after their performances
* Organizing holiday trips
* Acting as consultant to John for the purchase of Dornish Island (Ireland) for £1,550.
* Being the middle-man in the purchase of High Park, the Scottish farm, for Paul, Jane, and Martha
* Renting the Magical Mystery Tour bus
* Resolving the copyright issues around the photographs of famous faces on Peter Blake's cover for Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band.
* Arrange the money exchange of the unsuccessful buying of the Greek island of Leslo (July 1967).

Inside Apple

In December 1967, shortly after the death of Brian Epstein on 27 August 1967, Lennon asked Taylor to work as General Manager for Apple.

It was during this period that Taylor appeared in the famous advertisement to promote Apple asking for new artists. Designed by Paul, it showed Taylor disguised as a one-man band, and claimed: "This man has talent." The disguise was rented in Soho and Taylor was singing "When Irish Eyes Are Smiling" when the shot was made. The publication in the New Musical Express brought an avalanche of applicants.

Taylor can be heard on "Revolution 9" apologizing to George Martin and beseeching forgiveness for not bringing him a bottle of claret.

During the rooftop Get Back concert, on 30 January 1969, Alistair was among the people in the street. When Allen Klein arrived at Apple on 3 February, Alistair was sacked along with 16 staff members during one of the first purges by Klein at Apple (8 May). The Beatles did not tell him why.

After the Beatles

Taylor worked in a tea-room, in a factory and in a hotel before his retirement. He has enjoyed participating in Beatles' fan conventions around the world.

In the mid 1990s, Taylor created Mellor Beach Leisure Ltd. Taylor served as the "business development director," promoting a new musical act called SMOKE which featured Matt McKenzie (drums & backing vocals), Jo Wadeson (bass guitar & lead vocals) and Sam Genders (guitar & backing vocals).

In 1998 he appeared in a documentary at the British Arena (TV series), in the episode: The Brian Epstein Story: The Sun Will Shine Tomorrow : Part 1.

Taylor died in his sleep in Chesterfield, Derbyshire, on 9 June 2004, after a short bronchial illness.

Books

He was the author of:

* Yesterday: The Beatles Remembered with Martin Robers, Pan Macmillan (April 7, 1988)

* Yesterday: My Life With the Beatles (a re-edition of the last) Movie Publisher Services (July, 1991)

* A Secret History: An Inside Account of The Beatles' Rise and Fall, published in 2003. Blake (December, 2001)

* With the Beatles (a re-edition of the last) John Blake Publishing, Limited (1 September 2003)

Taylor collaborated in his official biography:

* Hello Goodbye: The Story of Mr. Fixit by George Gunby, Yesterday Once More (2001)

Theatre

* "From Cavern to Rooftop" in which he spoke about his memories with interludes of Beatles music.

Tapes

He made a series of four audio tapes with the titles of: "From Cavern to Rooftop"; "From Strawberry Fields to Magical Mystery Tour"; "Remembering Brian" and "Inside Apple."

Wikipedia

Sunday, April 19, 2009

Beatle People: Tony Sheridan

Tony Sheridan (born Anthony Esmond Sheridan McGinnity on May 21, 1940 in Norwich, Norfolk) is an English rock and roll singer-songwriter and guitarist. He is best known as an early collaborator of The Beatles, and one of two non-Beatles (the other being Billy Preston) to receive label performance credit on a record with the group.

Biography

In his early life, Sheridan was influenced by his parents' interest in classical music, and by age seven, he had learned to play the violin. He eventually came to play guitar, and in 1956, formed his first band. In 1958, at 18, he began appearing on the BBC's Oh Boy, playing electric guitar. He was eventually offered a contract to perform at the Top Ten Club in Hamburg, Germany.

While performing in Hamburg between 1960 and 1963, Sheridan employed various backup bands. In 1961, one such band, who had met Sheridan during their first visit to Hamburg in 1960, and who worked with him on their second, was The Beatles (with their line-up at the time as John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Pete Best). When German Polydor agent Bert Kaempfert saw the pairing on stage, he suggested that they make some recordings together. In 1962, after a series of singles (the first of which, "My Bonnie"/"The Saints" made it to #5 in the Hit Parade), the record was released in America on Decca with a black label and also in a pink label for demo play. The record has the distinction of being the most expensive collectible 45 rpm with the black label in mint condition going for $15,000 (2007) and the pink label selling for $3,000.

Also in 1962, Polydor released the album My Bonnie across Germany. The word Beatles was judged to sound too similar to the German Pidels (pronounced peedles), the plural of a slang term for penis, hence the album was credited to Tony Sheridan and The Beat Brothers. After The Beatles had gained fame, the album was re-released in Britain, with the credit altered to Tony Sheridan and The Beatles. The Beatles' Hamburg studio recordings, as well as some live recordings from the same period, have been reissued several times over the decades.

By 1967, Sheridan had become disillusioned with his Beatle-brought fame. As he was more concerned by the Vietnam War, Sheridan agreed to perform for the Allied troops. While in Vietnam however, the band that he had assembled was fired upon and one of the members was killed. Reuters reported that Sheridan himself had died. For his work entertaining the Allies, Sheridan was made an honorary Captain of the United States army.

In the early 1970s, Sheridan managed a West German radio programme of blues music, which was well-received. In 1978, the Star Club was reopened, and Sheridan performed there along with Elvis Presley's TCB Band.

On August 13, 2002, Sheridan released Vagabond, a collection largely of his own material, but also including a new cover version of "Skinny Minnie," a song he had years earlier recorded for his first album. Tony played guitar and sang for the Argentinean rock musician Charly Garcia. The album was called Influencia and it was released in 2002.

Today, Tony Sheridan lives with his wife Anna in Seestermühe, a village north of Hamburg. In addition to music, he is interested in heraldry and designs coats of arms.

Discography

* 1962: My Bonnie with The Beat Brothers/Beatles
* 1964: Just A Little Bit of Tony Sheridan with The Big Six
* 1964: "Ain't She Sweet" (side 1) with the Beatles, recorded 1961
* 1965: My Babe with The Big Six
* 1974: Live in Berlin '73
* 1976: On My Mind (private release)
* 1984: Novus
* 1986: Ich lieb Dich so
* 1994: Here & Now!
* 2002: Vagabond
* 2008: ...and so it goes by Dave Humphries; Sheridan plays on 5 of 11 tracks.

Wikipedia